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Usage: s$=SCI$(x,y%,z%)
Returns a string representation of x in scientific format, to y% decimal places and up to z% characters wide.
Examples:
SCI$(123456,2,8)="1.23E+05"
SCI$(1,2,8)="1.00E+00"
SCI$(1234567,1,-8)=" 1.2E+06"
If the number does not fit in the width specified then the returned string contains asterisks.
If z% is negative then the string is right-justified.
See also FIX$, GEN$, NUM$.
Usage: SCREEN width%,height%
or SCREEN width%,height%,x%,y%
Changes the size of the window in which text is displayed. x%,y% specify the character position of the top left corner; if they are not given, the text window is centred in the screen.
An OPL program can initially display text to the whole screen.
See SCREENINFO.
Usage: SCREENINFO var info%()
Gets information on the text screen (as used by PRINT, SCREEN etc.)
This keyword allows you to mix text and graphics. It is required because while the default window is the same size as the physical screen, the text screen is slightly smaller and is centred in the default window. The few pixels gaps around the text screen, referred to as the left and top margins, depend on the font in use.
On return, info%() contains the information. info%() must have at least 10 elements. The information is returned at the following indices in info%().
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1 |
Left margin in pixels. |
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2 |
Top margin in pixels. |
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3 |
Text screen width in character units. |
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4 |
Text screen height in character units. |
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5 |
Reserved (window server id for default window). |
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6 |
Unused (font ID for older systems). |
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7 |
Pixel width of text window character cell. |
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8 |
Pixel height of text window character cell. |
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9 |
Least significant 16 bits of the font ID. |
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10 |
Most significant 16 bits of the font ID. |
These constants are supplied in Const.oph.
The font ID is a 32-bit integer under EPOC, and therefore would not fit into a single element of info%(). Hence, the least significant 16 bits of the font ID are returned to info%(9) and the most significant 16 bits to info%(10).
Initially SCREENINFO returns the values for the initial text screen. Subsequently any keyword which changes the size of the text screen font, such as FONT or SCREEN, will change some of these values and SCREENINFO should therefore be called again.
See also FONT, SCREEN.
Usage: s%=SECOND
Returns the current time in seconds from the system clock (0 to 59).
E.g. at 6:00:33 SECOND returns 33.
Usage: SECSTODATE s&,var yr%,var mo%,var dy%,var hr%,var mn%, var sc%,var yrday%
Sets the variables passed by reference to the date corresponding to s&, the number of seconds since 00:00 on 1/1/1970. yrday% is set to the day in the year (1-366).
s& is an unsigned long integer. To use values greater than +2147483647, subtract 4294967296 from the value.
See also DATETOSECS, HOUR, MINUTE, SECOND, dDATE, DAYS.
Usage: SETDOC file$
Sets the file file$ to be a document. This command should be called immediately before the creation of file$ if it is to be recognised as a document. SETDOC may be used with the commands CREATE, gSAVEBIT and IOOPEN.
The string passed to SETDOC must be identical to the name passed to the following CREATE or gSAVEBIT otherwise a non-document file will be created. Example of document creation:
SETDOC "myfile"
CREATE "myfile",a,a$,b$
SETDOC should also be called after successfully opening a document to allow the System screen to display the correct document name in its task list.
SETDOC also adds the current document name to the Recent files list on the System screen. Selecting a document from the Recent files list will cause the EPOC to launch the document just as if it had been started from the system screen with a tap-while-selected. Applications which already use SETDOC require no code changes or re-translations to use this new feature.
In case of failure in creating or opening the required file, you should take the following action:
Database documents, created using CREATE, and multi-bitmap documents, created using gSAVEBIT, will automatically contain your application UID in the file header. For binary and text file documents created using IOOPEN and LOPEN, it is the programmer’s responsibility to save the appropriate header in the file. This is a fairly straight-forward process and the following suggests one way of finding out what the header should be:
INCLUDE "Const.oph"
DECLARE EXTERNAL
EXTERNAL readUids:(file$)
PROC main:
LOCAL f$(255)
WHILE 1
dINIT "Show UIDs in document header"
dPOSITION 1,0
dFILE f$,"Document,Folder,Drive",0
IF DIALOG=0
RETURN
ENDIF
readUids:(f$)
ENDWH
ENDP
PROC readUids:(f$)
LOCAL ret%,h%
LOCAL uid&(4),i%
ret%=IOOPEN(h%,f$,KIoOpenModeOpen% OR KIoOpenFormatBinary%)
IF ret%>=0
ret%=IOREAD(h%,ADDR(uid&()),16)
PRINT "Reading ";f$
IF ret%=16
WHILE i%<4
i%=i%+1
PRINT " Uid"+num$(i%,1)+"=",hex$(uid&(i%))
ENDWH
ELSE
PRINT " Error reading: ";
IF ret%<0
PRINT err$(ret%)
ELSE
PRINT "Read ";ret%;" bytes only ";
PRINT "(4 long integers required)"
ENDIF
ENDIF
IOCLOSE(h%)
ELSE
PRINT "Error opening: ";ERR$(ret%)
ENDIF
ENDP
Creating text file documents using IOOPEN or LOPEN has two special requirements:
See also GETDOC$ and OPL applications.
Usage: SETFLAGS flags&
Sets flags to produce various effects when running programs. Use CLEARFLAGS to clear any flags which have been set. flags& is formed by adding one or more of the following values.
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1 |
restricts the memory available to your application to 64K, emulating an older 16-bit machine. This setting should be used at the beginning of your program only, if required. Changing this setting repeatedly will have unpredictable effects. |
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2 |
enables auto-compaction on closing databases. This can be slow, but it is advisable to use this setting when lots of changes have been made to a database. |
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4 |
enables raising of overflow errors when floating-point values are greater than or equal to 1.0E+100 in magnitude, instead or allowing 3-digit exponents (for backwards compatibility) |
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$10000 |
enables GETEVENT, GETEVENT32 and GETEVENT32A to return the event code $403 to ev&(1) when the machine switches on |
These constants are supplied in Const.oph.
By default these flags are cleared.
See Advanced Topics and Database File Handling.
See also GETEVENT32, CLEARFLAGS.
Usage: SETPATH name$
Sets the current path for file access for example,
SETPATH "C:\Documents\".
SETPATH needs the final backslash to be passed otherwise it ignores everything beyond the last backslash. LOADM continues to use the path of the initial program, but all other file access will use the new path.
Usage: s=SIN(angle)
Returns the sine of angle, an angle expressed in radians.
To convert from degrees to radians, use the RAD function.
Usage: s&=SPACE
Returns the number of free bytes on the device on which the current (open) data file is held.
Usage: s=SQR(x)
Returns the square root of x.
Usage: s=STD(list)
or s=STD(array(),element)
Returns the standard deviation of a list of numeric items.
The list can be either:
or
When operating on an array, the first argument must be the array name followed by (). The second argument, separated from the first by a comma, is the number of array elements you wish to operate on for example m=STD(arr(),3) would return the standard deviation of elements arr(1), arr(2) and arr(3).
This function gives the sample standard deviation, using the formula:
To convert to population standard deviation, multiply the result by SQR((n-1)/n).
Usage: STOP
Ends the running program.
Note that STOP may not be used during an OPX callback and will raise the error ‘STOP used in callback’ if it is. See Callbacks from OPX procedures.
Usage: STYLE style%
Sets the text window character style. style% can be 2 for underlined, or 4 for inverse.
See The text and graphics windows for more details.
Usage: s=SUM(list)
or s=SUM(array(),element)
Returns the sum of a list of numeric items.
The list can be either:
or
When operating on an array, the first argument must be the array name followed by (). The second argument, separated from the first by a comma, is the number of array elements you wish to operate on for example m=SUM(arr(),3) would return the sum of elements arr(1), arr(2) and arr(3).
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